Is kiwi Acidic? Is it good for You?
Medically reviewed by Christiana George Updated Date: January 6, 2026
Kiwi fruit has a mesmerizing tangy taste with a unique and attractive appearance. It has furry brownish-green skin and an oval shape. Kiwi smoothies and kiwi in salads are very popular throughout the world.
However, a question often comes to mind while eating this tasty fruit: is kiwi acidic?
The short answer is yes, kiwi is acidic. All types of kiwi have a pH under 4, mostly in the range of 3.1 to 3.96. Anything with a pH less than 7 is acidic, and things with a pH less than 4 is moderately to highly acidic. Kiwis contain quinic, citric, and malic acids, which are responsible for the fruit’s level of acidity. Because of the acidity of this fruit, it may not be the best choice for people suffering from acid reflux.
In this article, let’s discuss some interesting facts about Kiwi fruit.
Kiwi Fruit – Acidic, Alkaline, or Neutral?
The categorization of compounds as acidic, alkaline, or neutral depends entirely on the pH of the compound. Anything with a pH less than 7.0 is acidic, and the lower the pH, the more acidic it is. Anything with a pH higher than 7.0 is alkaline, and the higher the pH, the more alkaline the compound is.
Acidic foods are acidic because of the individual compounds they contain. In the case of kiwis, they contain acids including citric acid, quinic acid, and maleic acid.
Malic acid comprises about 10% of the acids in kiwi, and the remainder is split fairly evenly between citric acid (40 to 60%) and quinic acid (40 to 60%).
pH of Kiwi
Not all kiwi have exactly the same pH. The pH of a kiwi varies by the variety of kiwi, and also how ripe the fruit is. pH values of kiwi ranges from 3.1 to 3.9. Let’s look at these values in more detail.
| Name | pH range |
| Green Kiwi Fruit | 3.1 to 3.4 |
| Golden Kiwi | 3.7 |
| Kiwi Berries | 3.1 to 3.9 |
| Hardy Kiwi | 3 |
| Red kiwi | 3.1 to 3.9 |
Are kiwis good for you? (5 Reasons You Should Eat Kiwis)
In short, yes! Kiwi is good for you. It is an essential source of vitamins and minerals. Several of the reasons that we should eat kiwi are that it can increase heart health, digestive health, and even the body’s immunity against diseases. So let’s take a brief look at the five most attractive benefits.
#1 Assist in Weight loss
Kiwi contains high levels of dietary fiber and is fairly low in calories. Therefore, it is an ideal fruit for people on a diet. Eating a reasonable proportion of kiwi daily can be very helpful in their weight loss journey.
#2 Blood Pressure Control
Kiwi is a very beneficial fruit for people with high blood pressure. One study showed that people who ate kiwis demonstrated a reduction in their blood pressure. So, patients known to have high blood pressure can drink kiwis smoothies or eat kiwi in salads as a way to help control their blood pressure. An added benefit is that kiwi has a fairly high water content, which makes it a hydrating food.
#3 Increase immunity
Kiwi is a fantastic source of vitamin C. Vitamin C is essential to strengthening the body’s immunity system, and its ability to fight various diseases. The immune system is important to fighting off viral, bacterial, and fungal infections. People who would like to strengthen their immune system should consider adding kiwi as an excellent source of vitamin C.
#4 Healthy skin
As we said above, kiwi is an excellent source of vitamin C. Kiwi also contains antioxidants. Both of these types of compounds are known to be good for the skin. Eating kiwi is one way to achieve healthy glowing skin. In addition to eating kiwi, kiwi is in some cosmetics and skin products. It is thought to have moisturizing and rejuvenating properties, which are characteristics many people are fond of.
#5 Prevention of constipation
Constipation can be a really uncomfortable condition. But, you can avoid it. How? Kiwi smoothies and raw kiwi can prevent constipation. Kiwi is a rich source of dietary fiber and water, which are two of the most important elements in treating constipation. So, kiwi is a great choice for people suffering from constipation.
| Nutrient | Concentration in 1 Kiwi (69g) |
| Dietary Fiber | 2.1 gram |
| Vitamin C | 64 mg |
| Carbohydrates | 10.1 gram |
| Energy | 42 calories |
| Calcium | 23.5 mg |
| Vitamin E | 1.0 mg |
| Potassium | 215 mg |
Does kiwi affect acid reflux?
People who have acid reflux should avoid Kiwi; you may wonder why. The reason behind this is that Kiwi is an acidic fruit. Kiwi can increase acidity in the stomach of acid reflux patients.
The elevated amount of acid can cause a burning sensation, vomiting, and irritation of the esophagus. According to healthcare professionals, Kiwi does affect acid reflux.
Sometimes, patients who eat Kiwi with acid reflux complain about gassy bloating in the stomach, a bitter taste, and irritation in the lining of their esophagus. It is due to the backward movement of acid from the stomach to your mouth.
Anything you eat can have either a positive or negative effect on your body. It is important to make choices that have the most positive effect on your body. For those with reflux, kiwi may not be the best choice.
Is yellow kiwi fruit acidic?
Yes, yellow kiwi fruit is acidic. However, it is somewhat less acidic than green kiwi. Yellow kiwi is sweet, and not as tangy as green kiwi, which has a more tangy taste.
Research has shown that yellow kiwi has a pH of 3.7, which means that yellow kiwi is also an acidic fruit. Therefore, you can get the nutritional benefits of kiwi from a slightly less acidic fruit by eating yellow kiwi instead of green ones.
Is golden kiwi acidic?
Yes, golden kiwi is also an acidic fruit. According to some people, their taste is intermediate between the taste of mangoes and strawberries. But don’t be fooled by their sweet taste. It doesn’t mean that golden kiwi is not acidic. Like green kiwi fruit, gold kiwi also contains citric acid, quinic acid, and malic acid, and is definitely acidic.
Are kiwi berries acidic?
Kiwi berries are also acidic, like kiwi fruit. They’re juicy with a sweet and tangy taste. In appearance, kiwi berries look like miniature kiwi fruits. Like kiwi fruit, they have a high citric acid content, which means they are acidic as well. They are used as a snack around the world. They are quite popular because they are low in calories but high in nutrition.
FAQs
Is kiwi acidic food?
Kiwi fruit is acidic food. It contains a high concentration of citric acid, malic acid, quinic acid, and folic acid. It is about as acidic as an orange, but less acidic than lemons and limes. Due to its acidic nature, it has specific effects on the human body. It can increase acidity in the stomach, which results in exacerbating symptoms of acid reflux.
Does Kiwi have lots of acids?
Yes, kiwis do have lots of acids. As a breakdown of the acid content, about 40 to 60 percent is citric acid, nearly 40 to 60 percent is quinic acid, and the remaining 10 percent or so is malic acid. The presence of these acids indicates kiwis are acidic. Their pH range is around 3.
Which fruit is most alkaline?
Watermelon is one of the most alkaline fruits. Most fruit is at least somewhat acidic, but watermelon is very close to neutral. In addition to this, coconut, bananas, and papayas are close to neutral.
Can you eat kiwi fruit with acid reflux?
You cannot eat kiwi fruit with acidic reflux because kiwi is a fairly acidic fruit. Therefore, if a person with acidic reflux consumes kiwis, he or she is likely to face the bitter consequences of it. In addition, the burning sensation in the esophagus, commonly known as heartburn, may increase.
What are the disadvantages of kiwi fruit?
Kiwi fruit has certain disadvantages. It can cause hives in people. It can cause severe allergic reactions to those who are allergic to fruits. Although Kiwi is healthy fruits, they have many adverse effects as well on the body.
Bottom Line
To conclude, Kiwi is a beneficial fruit for our health with a unique sweet and tangy taste. The main point of the above discussion is the question, “are kiwis acidic?” And to answer this, yes, kiwis are acidic, and for this reason, patients with acidic reflux should avoid eating them. It can increase their acidic reflux and bring discomfort to them. It should now be clear that kiwi does affect acidic reflux. A healthy person, without any symptoms of GERD, can add kiwi to his balanced diet, and enjoy the health benefits of doing so.
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How Much Caffeine in Pepsi Max? (Complete Guide by Size, Region & Comparisons)
A 12 oz can of Pepsi Max contains about 69mg of caffeine—similar to regular Pepsi but less than most energy drinks. This moderate boost comes from added caffeine, not just cola nut extract. If you’re monitoring intake, note that larger sizes or multiple cans add up quickly. Always check labels, and consult your provider if you’re caffeine-sensitive.
As a food blogger with a strong focus on wellness and smarter beverage habits, I’m often asked How Much Caffeine in Pepsi Max actually contains—especially by readers who assume “sugar-free” automatically means harmless.
The truth is, many people focus on avoiding sugar while completely overlooking caffeine intake. Drinks like Pepsi Max can still contain enough caffeine to affect sleep quality, anxiety levels, and even heart rhythm—especially when paired with coffee, energy drinks, or pre-workout supplements, as confirmed by the Sleep Foundation.
Recently, a reader reached out after dealing with unexplained insomnia and constant jitters. After reviewing their routine, we discovered they were drinking multiple cans of Pepsi Max every day without realizing how quickly the caffeine was adding up.
That’s more common than people think.
While moderate caffeine intake may be fine for many adults, personal tolerance varies widely based on sleep habits, stress levels, and overall health, according to the FDA’s caffeine safety guidelines.
In this guide, I’ll break down Pepsi Max caffeine content by size, flavor, and region, compare it to other drinks, and help you make smarter choices for balanced energy and better sleep.
TL;DR: Quick Overview
- Standard 330 ml can: ~42 mg caffeine—a mild, manageable boost for most adults.
- Per 100 ml baseline: ~12.7 mg globally, useful for calculating custom portions.
- 500 ml bottle: ~63 mg; 600 ml bottle: ~76 mg; 2-liter bottle: ~254 mg.
- Vs. coffee: Contains significantly less stimulation than a standard cup of brewed coffee (~95 mg).
- Vs. Coke Zero: Holds slightly more caffeine (~42 mg vs. ~34 mg per 330 ml can).
- Clinical takeaway: Always monitor your daily intake to protect sleep quality and cardiovascular health.
Does This Zero-Sugar Cola Contain Caffeine?
Yes, this popular diet beverage absolutely contains this natural stimulant. Many people mistakenly believe that zero-sugar drinks automatically lack stimulants. This assumption often leads to accidental overconsumption late at night.
Beverage companies add this ingredient specifically to enhance the flavor profile. It provides a slightly bitter edge that balances the artificial sweeteners perfectly. Furthermore, it gives consumers that signature energy boost they expect from a cola, as noted in USDA FoodData Central nutritional databases.
Typically, you will find around 12 to 13 mg per 100 ml in the formula. This amount varies slightly depending on your specific global region. However, it remains a consistent source of daily stimulation.
Understanding the Content Per 100ml
When evaluating beverage nutrition, we must establish a baseline measurement. Medical professionals always look at the concentration per 100 milliliters. This allows us to compare different drinks accurately and fairly.
If you wonder how much caffeine is in Pepsi Max per 100 ml, the answer is roughly 12.7 mg. This specific concentration remains relatively stable across most standard retail formulas, according to manufacturer disclosures reviewed by the European Food Safety Authority.
This baseline number is incredibly useful for calculating your exact daily intake. If you pour a glass from a larger bottle, you can easily do the math. Simply multiply this base number by your portion size.
Stimulant Levels by Drink Size
Viewers frequently ask me about specific retail container sizes. The total amount of stimulation you consume depends entirely on the package size. Let us break down the exact numbers for the most common retail options.
If you grab a standard can, you are looking at how much caffeine is in Pepsi Max 330 ml. This popular size delivers roughly 42 milligrams to your system. This amount provides a mild, manageable boost for most healthy adults.
Next, we often see the slightly larger 375ml cans in certain markets. These contain approximately 47 milligrams of the active ingredient. Moving up, you might wonder how much caffeine is in Pepsi Max 500 ml bottles.
A 500ml bottle delivers a more substantial 63 milligrams. Furthermore, convenience stores often sell the larger 600ml bottles. If you drink a 600ml bottle, you consume about 76 milligrams at once.
Finally, we must discuss family-sized containers. Pouring from a 2-liter bottle can quickly escalate your intake. An entire 2-liter bottle contains a massive 254 milligrams.
| Size | Approx. Caffeine Amount |
|---|---|
| 330 ml | ~42 mg |
| 375 ml | ~47 mg |
| 500 ml | ~63 mg |
| 600 ml | ~76 mg |
| 2 Liter | ~254 mg |
Source: Manufacturer nutritional data; values may vary by region and formulation.
Regional Variations Across the Globe
Beverage formulas rarely stay identical across international borders. Different countries enforce varying food safety and labeling regulations. Consequently, the stimulant concentration fluctuates slightly depending on your location.
Many of my European viewers ask how much caffeine is in Pepsi Max UK variants. In the UK and across Europe, the formula strictly adheres to the 12.7 mg per 100 ml baseline. Regional labeling laws require manufacturers to display this clearly on the packaging, per EFSA guidelines.
Similarly, we must consider the Southern Hemisphere. When checking the Pepsi Max caffeine content Australia guidelines, the numbers remain quite comparable. Australian formulas typically match the European standard very closely.
Therefore, whether you buy a can in London or Sydney, the metabolic impact remains similar. However, always check the local nutritional label if you travel internationally. Local manufacturing processes can occasionally alter these baseline numbers.
Evaluating the Cherry Flavor Formula
Flavor variations often confuse consumers regarding nutritional content. Many people assume that adding fruit flavoring alters the underlying stimulant profile. I frequently hear questions about how much caffeine is in Pepsi Max Cherry variants.
Fortunately, the flavor additives do not significantly change the core formula. The cherry version contains practically the same stimulant profile as the original recipe, according to comparative analyses in PubMed research.
For instance, if you check how much caffeine is in Pepsi Max Cherry 330 ml, you will find roughly 42 mg. Similarly, a 500 ml cherry bottle delivers the standard 63 mg. You can safely switch flavors without disrupting your calculated daily intake.
Coffee vs Diet Cola: A Clinical Comparison
Comparing colas to traditional coffee is a crucial dietary exercise. Recently, a patient in my clinic complained of severe morning jitters. We immediately analyzed her daily intake to find the hidden culprit.
She wanted to know how much caffeine in Pepsi Max vs. coffee actually exists. I explained that a standard 330ml cola delivers about 42 mg. In stark contrast, a standard 240 ml cup of brewed coffee delivers roughly 95 mg, per Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.
| Beverage | Approximate Caffeine |
|---|---|
| Diet Cola (330 ml) | ~42 mg |
| Brewed Coffee (240 ml) | ~95 mg |
Coffee clearly packs more than double the punch per serving. If you want a milder morning start, the soda offers a gentler climb. However, drinking multiple sodas quickly equals the impact of a strong coffee.
Comparing Against Coke Zero
The cola wars extend directly into nutritional profiles. Many health-conscious consumers constantly debate between the two leading zero-sugar brands. They specifically ask how much caffeine in Pepsi Max vs coke zero exists.
Interestingly, Pepsi Max generally contains a higher stimulant concentration. Coke Zero typically hovers around 34 mg per 330ml can. Therefore, Pepsi delivers about 8 milligrams more per standard serving, as verified in our Coke Zero caffeine breakdown.
While this difference seems minor, it absolutely matters for sensitive individuals. If you process stimulants very slowly, that extra 8 milligrams might delay your sleep. Always choose the brand that aligns best with your metabolic tolerance.
Why Knowing These Levels Actually Matters
You might wonder why we obsess over these specific milligram counts. Tracking the exact caffeine levels in Pepsi Max holds immense clinical importance. This chemical acts as a powerful central nervous system stimulant.
When you consume it, it rapidly alters your brain chemistry. It primarily provides a temporary surge in alertness and focus. However, this same chemical can cause significant sleep disruption if consumed late, according to the Mayo Clinic.
Furthermore, it impacts your cardiovascular system directly. It can slightly elevate your heart rate and your blood pressure. For these reasons, treating it like a medical variable helps optimize your daily health.
The Mechanism of Action in Your Body
To truly understand this compound, we must look at cellular biology. How exactly does this chemical wake you up? It specifically blocks adenosine receptors inside your brain.
Adenosine is a natural chemical that builds up throughout the day. It actively signals your body that you need sleep. By blocking these receptors, the stimulant effectively tricks your brain into feeling wide awake.
Consequently, your body releases natural adrenaline. This process increases your heart rate and opens your airways slightly. The Food and Drug Administration notes that these effects peak within roughly one hour of consumption. Genetic variations in the CYP1A2 liver enzyme also dictate how fast you clear caffeine from your system, as per NIH genetic research.
Is This Beverage Medically Safe?
Safety entirely depends on your individual dosage and metabolic health. As a public health specialist, I always reference clinical guidelines. The FDA states that up to 400 mg per day remains safe for most healthy adults.
Drinking one or two cans easily fits within this safe threshold. However, individual sensitivity plays a massive role here. Some people metabolize this chemical rapidly, while others process it very slowly.
If you are a slow metabolizer, even one can may cause profound jitters. Therefore, you must listen strictly to your body’s feedback. Never blindly consume the maximum limit just because a guideline allows it. For personalized tracking, try our caffeine calculator by weight and age.
Who Should Strictly Limit Their Intake?
While generally safe for healthy adults, specific populations must exercise extreme caution. Pregnant individuals should drastically reduce their daily consumption. High stimulant levels can cross the placenta and affect fetal heart rates, according to ACOG pregnancy guidelines.
Furthermore, children and adolescents should avoid these beverages entirely. Their developing nervous systems handle stimulants very poorly. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention strongly advises against youth consumption of these drinks.
Finally, individuals diagnosed with severe anxiety disorders must limit their intake. Stimulants naturally mimic the physical symptoms of a panic attack. Consuming too much soda can easily trigger unnecessary mental distress.
For people with cardiovascular concerns, the American Heart Association recommends cautious stimulant consumption.
Recognizing the Side Effects of Overconsumption
Even healthy adults can accidentally cross their physical limits. Recognizing the signs of overconsumption can save you from severe discomfort. The most common immediate side effect is sudden, unexplainable insomnia.
If you drink a large bottle with dinner, you will likely stare at the ceiling at midnight. Additionally, you might experience uncomfortable heart palpitations. This feels like your heart is racing or skipping a beat entirely.
Other common symptoms include digestive upset, muscle tremors, and extreme irritability. If you experience these signs, you must stop consumption immediately. Drink plenty of plain water to help your kidneys flush the chemical out.
Exploring Caffeine-Free Alternatives
Sometimes, you simply want the cola taste without the nervous system stimulation. Many viewers ask me if a Pepsi Max no caffeine version exists. The answer is yes, but availability varies by location.
The company produces a specific Pepsi Max no caffeine 24 pack for retail. This version uses a different flavor profile to mimic the original taste. It completely removes the stimulant, making it perfect for evening consumption.
If you struggle with insomnia, I highly recommend finding this specific variant. It allows you to enjoy a zero-sugar treat after dinner. Most importantly, it completely protects your vital sleep architecture.
Establishing a Safe Daily Limit
How many cans can you safely consume during a busy workday? To answer this, we must look at your entire dietary landscape. If you do not drink coffee or tea, your limit is higher.
Generally, consuming two to three 330ml cans per day remains perfectly safe. This puts you well below the 400 mg maximum threshold. However, if you drink coffee every morning, you must count those milligrams too.
I advise my viewers to stop all stimulant consumption by 2:00 PM. This simple rule gives your liver ample time to clear the chemical. Consequently, you protect your deep sleep cycles every single night. For additional guidance on timing and tolerance, consult our does Pepsi have caffeine guide.
Quick Reference Intake Table
To help you manage your daily health, I created this clinical reference guide. It outlines how different dosages typically affect a healthy adult body.
| Intake Amount | Typical Physiological Effect |
|---|---|
| Under 100 mg | Mild alertness, slight mood elevation |
| 200 to 300 mg | Moderate stimulation, increased heart rate |
| Over 400 mg | High risk of side effects, anxiety, insomnia |
Note: Individual responses vary based on genetics, tolerance, and concurrent medication use.
FAQs
How much caffeine is in Pepsi Max 330ml?
A standard 330ml Pepsi Max can contains approximately 42 mg caffeine. That’s a mild boost—about one-tenth of the FDA’s 400 mg daily limit. Perfect for a gentle afternoon pick-me-up. But remember: caffeine adds up fast. Track your total intake from all sources. Small awareness prevents jitters or sleep trouble. Your body deserves mindful fueling.
Is Pepsi Max stronger than coffee?
Not even close. One Pepsi Max can (42 mg) has less than half the caffeine of a standard coffee cup (~95 mg). Even a small Starbucks espresso (75 mg) outpaces it. If you need serious energy, coffee wins. But if you want light fizz with minimal stimulant load? Pepsi Max fits. Choose based on your goals—and your tolerance.
Does Pepsi Max have more caffeine than Coke Zero?
Yes—slightly. Pepsi Max packs about 42 mg per can. Coke Zero offers roughly 34 mg. That 8 mg difference won’t matter for most people. But if you’re highly caffeine-sensitive, every milligram counts. Both are far milder than coffee or energy drinks. Read labels. Know your limits. Small choices create big comfort. Compare both in our Coke Zero caffeine analysis.
Is Pepsi Max caffeine-free?
Standard Pepsi Max is not caffeine-free—it contains about 42 mg per 330ml can. However, Pepsi does offer a caffeine-free version in select global markets. Check the label carefully before buying. If you’re avoiding stimulants entirely, look for “caffeine-free” printed clearly on the packaging. When in doubt, ask store staff or contact the manufacturer directly.
Does the cherry flavor have more stimulants?
No—Pepsi Max Cherry contains the same 42 mg caffeine as the original. Flavor changes don’t alter the caffeine profile. Whether you prefer classic, cherry, or other variants, the stimulant load stays consistent. Enjoy your favorite taste without worrying about hidden caffeine spikes. Just track your total daily intake across all beverages. Mindful sipping supports steady energy.
Is Pepsi Max safe during pregnancy?
The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommends that pregnant individuals limit caffeine to less than 200 mg per day. Since a standard Pepsi Max can contains ~42 mg, moderate consumption may fit within this threshold—but always consult your OB-GYN first. Individual health factors and total daily intake from all sources matter most.
Conclusion
Understanding exactly how much caffeine is in Pepsi Max is crucial for your daily wellness. As we have thoroughly explored, a standard can delivers roughly 42 mg of stimulation. While this remains significantly lower than a cup of coffee, it still impacts your nervous system directly.
As a medical professional, I always urge my viewers to track their liquid calories and stimulants equally. Drinking a 2-liter bottle rapidly pushes you toward the FDA’s daily maximum limit. This can trigger uncomfortable palpitations, severe anxiety, and frustrating insomnia.
However, when consumed in strict moderation, this beverage serves as a perfectly safe afternoon pick-me-up. By choosing smaller sizes and avoiding late-night consumption, you can enjoy the flavor safely. Always listen to your body’s unique metabolic signals and adjust your daily habits accordingly.
For ongoing updates on beverage safety and nutrition science, bookmark our food and nutrition resource center. For additional personalized health guidance, consult resources like the National Coffee Association’s health research or speak with your healthcare provider about your individual caffeine tolerance and cardiovascular risk factors.
Evidence-Based Reference:
- FDA: Caffeine Safety Guidelines. https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/spilling-beans-how-much-caffeine-too-much
- Sleep Foundation: Caffeine & Sleep. https://www.sleepfoundation.org/nutrition/caffeine-and-sleep
- USDA FoodData Central. https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/
- European Food Safety Authority: Caffeine Safety Opinion. https://efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4102
- PubMed Clinical Research Database. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30866249/
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health: Caffeine & Health. https://nutritionsource.hsph.harvard.edu/caffeine/
- Mayo Clinic: Caffeine Safety Limits. https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/in-depth/caffeine/art-20045678
- NIH PMC: CYP1A2 Genetic Variability Study. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2784188/
- ACOG: Caffeine During Pregnancy. https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-opinion/articles/2010/08/moderate-caffeine-consumption-during-pregnancy
- CDC: Caffeine & Youth Nutrition. https://blogs.cdc.gov/nchs/2014/02/19/2035/
- American Heart Association: Energy Drinks & Heart Health. https://www.heart.org/en/news/2019/05/29/energy-drinks-may-provide-jolt-to-heart-function-blood-pressure
- American Diabetes Association: Caffeine & Blood Sugar. https://diabetes.org/health-wellness/fitness/sports-drinks-impact-on-glucose-blood-sugar
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